The Sun Tribe and the Dying Shogunate (幕末太陽傳)

  • 幕末太陽傳 (The Sun Tribe and the Dying Shogunate)

8/7/21 (Sat), 9:30-11:30p, home

Kawashima Yuzo’s 1957 star-studded farce, headed by comedian Frankie Sakai, was at one point rated by Japanese critics as the fourth greatest Japanese film ever made, right up there with Tokyo Story and The Seven Samurai – how’s that for a recommendation? I was suspicious given the slapstick nature of most Japanese comedy of those years, but curiosity eventually got the better of me. I’m glad it did.

The Japanese title, Bakumatsu Taiyoden, was rendered online as Sun in the Last Days of the Shogunate (I’ve switched that for my own title). In fact, “sun” here is a jokey reference to the so-called “Sun Tribe”, groups of nihilistic youth that featured so prominently in books and movies at the time. That was reinforced with the appearance of idol Ishihara Yujiro, who is playing essentially the same disaffected Sun Tribe youth role that propelled him to stardom a year earlier in the sensational Crazed Fruit. (That’s true as well for his tribal cohort, the tall half-Danish hunk Okada Masumi, whose exotic looks stand out in this period piece; a running joke has him repeatedly reassuring doubters that he is a Japanese born in Shinagawa.) Bakumatsu is a word used to describe the final years of the dying shogunate (bakufu), which the characters at the time of course wouldn’t have known was dying despite the evident signs in the air. The inn portrayed here is the actual location where Ishihara’s character plotted the 1863 burning of the British Embassy that is reenacted in the film’s climax. Having Ishihara in this historical role is like dressing James Dean in waistcoat and powdered wig and placing him at Valley Forge in “Yankee Without a Cause”. That suggested that the film would be a topical parody filled with inside jokes whose relevance has long since died out. That it succeeds nevertheless is a testament to the strength of the concept and writing.

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My Sin: Sakubei’s Story (己が罪作兵衛)

  • 己が罪作兵衛 (My Sin: Sakubei’s Story)

6/19/21 (Sun), 内子座 (愛媛)

This affecting silent 20-minute drama of 1930 by Sasaki Tsunejiro is apparently all that is left of a much longer piece. It is a remake of a popular story but shifts the focus from the woman to the old fisherman after a hugely successful stage portrayal by Inoue Masao, who repeats his performance here. The story’s original title Onoga Tsumi (“My Sin”) was simply combined here with the fisherman’s name, Sakubei, which doesn’t make much sense given that he was blameless in the story. I guess they didn’t want to mess with a famous title. 

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Youth of the Beast (野獣の青春)

  • 野獣の青春 (Youth of the Beast)

6/17/21 (Thurs)

This 1963 yakuza film was evidently the first to define Suzuki Seijun’s surreal style. It’s a fairly straightforward story for him, albeit intricately plotted. Jo (Shishido Jo – he seems to play Jo-named characters a lot), a lone-wolf gangster and former policeman, seeks to avenge the death of a former colleague by playing two gangs off against each other. The colleague had been found dead with a call girl in an apparent double suicide, including a suicide note allegedly written by the woman. Jo, however, suspects that the death was not self-inflicted. His violent search for the truth drives the film.

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Pale Flower (乾いた花)

  • 乾いた花 (Pale Flower)

6/15/21 (Tues)

Shinoda Masahiro’s 1963 nihilistic yakuza noir film is long on atmosphere, short on narrative, aiming mainly to show the emptiness of the hero Muraki’s life, a not-uncommon theme in Japan in those days after the Anpo (US-Japan Security Treaty) protests. Continue reading

History of the Broadway Musical: Fiddler on the Roof (屋根の上のバイオリン引き) (1964)

(英語の後に日本語が続きます)

(A sample chapter that I wrote for a planned book on the Broadway musical intended for Japanese publication. I hadn’t planned to release this in English, but here it is in slightly revised form.)

History of the Broadway Musical: Fiddler on the Roof (1964)

It is a strange but true fact that the overwhelming number of the great Broadway musical writers have been Jewish or part-Jewish – Gershwin, Rodgers & Hart, Berlin, Kern, Loesser, Lerner & Loewe, Rodgers & Hammerstein, Kander & Ebb, Bernstein, Sondheim, Schwartz, Boublil & Schönberg, and many more. Jewish creators have been responsible for most of the epic works still produced today: in addition to every work in this book, the list encompasses all of the first seven Pulitzer-winning musicals, and extends from the Golden Age classics like The King & I and The Sound of Music to newer hits like A Chorus Line, Chicago, Rent, Les Miserables and Wicked. And that includes not just the songwriters; in fact, a large proportion of the key musical book writers and producers were Jewish as well. This is not true just of musicals, of course – Jews are also overrepresented among major playwrights (e.g. Miller, Ionesco, Stoppard, Pinter) – but their influence on the development of the musical has been decisive. Furthermore, they make up a good part of the theatrical audience. When I produced a Japanese drama off Broadway some years ago, I was told that one iron rule is never to open a show on a Jewish holiday since only Jewish viewers could be relied on to show up, even for an obscure Japanese play. Why this is true is a subject for another book, but the Jewish presence in New York theater is undeniably immense.

Nevertheless, another strange fact is that few of the big musicals have Jewish subject matter. The style and sense of humor in Broadway musicals have always heavily reflected Jewish archetypes, but not the contents; characterizations are Jewish but not the characters. Jewish writers have shown a preference for big, broad, romantic shows aimed for universal appeal; they wrote not for themselves but for the world. The general thinking was that musicals with Jewish themes would have limited appeal. The Jewish population was small relative to the mass public, so even with their strong theatergoing habits, they could only spark a show to success, not ensure it. Thus, despite what would seem a built-in audience, few large-scale musicals until the 1960s had an explicitly Jewish theme, and none had long-running appeal. Until FiddlerContinue reading

Utamaro and His Five Women (歌麿をめぐる五人の女 )

  • 歌麿をめぐる五人の女

6/7/21 (Mon)

Mizoguchi Kenji’s 1946 work on the famed ukiyoe artist was evidently one of the first movies to be approved after the war by the American occupying forces. Mizoguchi is widely said to have seen himself in the story of the devoted artist, which here involves censorship and female issues, but the same can probably by said for any film about a struggling artist from Lust for Life onwards. Given the director’s usual concern with the difficulties of women in Japanese society, I had assumed the female half of the title would be the film’s centerpiece.

In fact, though the five women dominate the narrative, the thematic focus is Utamaro’s obsession with his art. Continue reading

The Insect Woman (にっぽん昆虫記)

  • にっぽん昆虫記 (The Insect Woman)

6/6/21 (Sun)

After Imamura Shohei’s previous work, the madcap Pigs and Battleships, I was ready for anything. This 1963 film – the literal Japanese title is a more clinical Chronicle of Japanese Insects – followed an effective two-year ban of the director by Nikkatsu for his over-the-top and over-the-budget Pigs. Still, Imamura, unbowed, held nothing back in his new piece about a ruthless woman who does whatever she can to survive. The brutal results ironically became the biggest-grossing film in his career, which presumably mollified the studio’s concerns.

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Pigs and Battleships (豚と軍艦)

  • 豚と軍艦 (Pigs and Battleships)

6/1/21 (Tues)

The wild 1961 film that put director Imamura Shohei on the map (and got him banned from studio for two years). It’s a black comedy mixed with social satire about Japanese civilians and American sailors in Yokosuka, a coastal town near Tokyo that hosts a major US naval base, around 1960.

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Zero Focus (ゼロの焦点)

  • ゼロの焦点 (Zero Focus)

4/29/21 (Thurs)

An amateurish murder mystery from 1961, based on a popular book, that wouldn’t pass muster even as a daytime television film. A woman is just a week into her arranged marriage when her husband mysteriously disappears. He is found dead at the bottom of a cliff, an incident that is ruled a suicide – but is it? The women comes to find that there is more to her husband’s past than she had imagined.

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Children of the Beehive, The Hairpin, Mr. Thank You (蜂の巣の子供たち、簪、有難うさん)

  • 蜂の巣の子供たち (Children of the Beehive), 4/25/21 (Sun)
  • かんざし)(The Hairpin), 4/27/21 (Tues)
  • 有難うさん (Mr. Thank You)、4/27/21 (Tues)

Three films by the unjustly neglected Shimizu Hiroshi. Continue reading

Branded to Kill (殺しの烙印)

  • 殺しの烙印 (Branded to Kill)

2/14/21 (Sun)

The notorious director Suzuki Seijun has essentially torn his 1967 movie into pieces, thrown them into the air, and spliced them together wherever they landed. It’s as if Picasso and Dali were fighting for the same brush. This is a big inside joke for fans of yakuza flicks, an irritation to the rest of us.

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The Men Who Tread on the Tiger’s Tail (虎の尾を踏む男達)

  • 虎の尾を踏む男達  (The Men Who Tread on the Tiger’s Tail)

1/7/21 (Thurs)

I had a bit of time at the end of the day and picked this 1945 film because it was an early Kurosawa piece (just his fourth film), started at war end under Japanese censorship and completed just after the war under US censorship; it was based on the popular and eminently film-worthy Kabuki classic Kanjincho (itself based on the Noh classic Ataka); and, not least, it was short at just one hour.

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